Ahmad A, Abujbara M, Jaddou H, Younes NA, Ajlouni K, et al.
Journal of clinical medicine research. Date of publication 2018 May 1;volume 10(5):411-418.
1. J Clin Med Res. 2018 May;10(5):411-418. doi: 10.14740/jocmr3352w. Epub 2018 Mar
16.
Anxiety and Depression Among Adult Patients With Diabetic Foot: Prevalence and
Associated Factors.
Ahmad A(1)(2), Abujbara M(1)(2), Jaddou H(3), Younes NA(4), Ajlouni K(1)(2).
Author information:
(1)The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetic,
Amman, Jordan.
(2)The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
(3)The Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan.
(4)Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan,
Amman, Jordan.
Background: Diabetic foot is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus with
subsequent disturbances in the daily life of the patients. The co-existence of
depression and anxiety among diabetic foot patients is a common phenomenon and
the role of each of them in perpetuating the other is highlighted in the
literature. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence rates of anxiety and
depression, and to examine the associated risk factors among diabetic foot
patients.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 260 diabetic foot patients
in the Diabetic Foot Clinic at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology
and Genetics (NCDEG), Amman, Jordan, participated in the study. Sociodemographic
and health data were gathered through review of medical charts and a structured
questionnaire. Depression and anxiety status were also assessed. The Generalized
Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used to screen for anxiety and the Patient
Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to screen for depression. A cutoff of ≥ 10
was used for each scale to identify those who tested positive for anxiety and
depression.
Results: Prevalence rate of anxiety was 37.7% and that of depression was 39.6%.
Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety is positively
associated with duration of diabetes of < 10 years (P = 0.01), with ≥ three
comorbid diseases (P = 0.00), and HbA1c level of > 7% (P = 0.03). Multiple
logistic regression analysis also showed that depression is positively associated
with patients of < 50 years of age (P = 0.03), females (P = 0.01), current
smokers (P = 0.01), patients with foot ulcer duration ≥ 7 months (P = 0.00), with
≥ three comorbid diseases (P = 0.00) than their counterparts.
Conclusions: Anxiety and depression are widely prevalent among diabetic foot
patients. Mental health status of those patients gets even worse among those
suffering other comorbid diseases, which was a finding that requires special
attention in the management of patients with diabetic foot.
DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3352w
PMCID: PMC5862089
PMID: 29581804
